Posted By Joshua Keating

Few countries have as enduring a national cliché or tourist tchotchke as pervasive as Russia has with nesting dolls. So it's not exactly shocking that the matrioshka industry has been deemed too big to fail by the Russian state:

The state will place about 1 billion rubles ($28.4 million) in orders for crafts such as nesting dolls and hand-painted dishes and could reduce taxes to support craft makers whose sales have plummeted, the Industry and Trade Ministry said last week Thursday.

It's been a tough couple of months for nesting doll makers:

Polikarpov used to sell 400,000 rubles ($11,300) worth of dolls per month in Russia and had exports of $10,000 to $15,000 — mainly to Britain, Argentina and the United States.

Now, he said, the company’s warehouses have enough stock to cover sales for the next 1 1/2 months without producing anything. Dyuna had no profit in January and February and has just paid its employees for January. The company cut production by 30 percent this year and has started producing wooden toys such as robots.

Better that the government buy matrioshkas than missiles I suppose.

(Hat tip: Johnson's Russia List)

DMITRY KOSTYUKOV/AFP/Getty Images

Posted By Annie Lowrey

 

 

Last night, NBC late-night comedian Jay Leno -- hosting U.S. President Barack Obama this week -- riffed extensively on the international implications of the increasingly catastrophic AIG bailout during his monologue:

[The AIG executives] bankrupt the company, took $170 billion of our dollars and they're giving out bonuses. You know the main thing they want to reward their people for? Convincing the Treasury Department to give $170 billion dollars to a failing company, so they can give out bonuses for a job well done. You know what "AIG" stands for -- anybody know? Adventures in Greed.

They don't have to account for any of us. Now it turns out they gave $35 billion -- not million, $35 billion -- of our money to bail out European banks. See, this is how a global economy works. Our hard-earned tax dollars are used to bail out German banks for making bad investments in American companies that shut down because the Japanese owners moved the whole thing to India, China, and Mexico. Boy, you thought St. Patrick drove the snakes out of Ireland? Let's send him down to Wall Street!

Turns out, Leno's right. This week, AIG released a document listing the "financial counterparties" who received $101 billion directly from the U.S. government's "emergency loan." AIG used more than of half the Treasury funds to pay down money owed for things like credit default swaps -- most of which went to foreign companies' coffers. Using data BusinessWeek broke down, we made the above chart.  

Funny how the comedians are besting the finance experts now, huh?

Posted By Rebecca Frankel

Elizabeth Dickinson

After years of relegation to the back of policy makers' minds, today the underground economy is the last final refuge from the financial crisis. As the Wall Street Journal's Patrick Barta wrote this weekend, makeshift markets, temporary labor, and small homegrown businesses are absorbing countless laborers in the developing and developed worlds as their jobs in manufacturing, construction, and services disappear. The black market might be the only one not in the red this year. 

Rebecca Frankel

"US Torture: Voices from the Black Sites." In this story for New York Review of Books Mark Danner reveals the contents of the confidential document -- specifically the Red Cross's interviews of 14 "high value" detainees while they awaited trial in Guantánamo, all of whom were held in the C.I.A.'s detention program. The details are explicit. (You can also read the excerpted version that ran in Sunday's op-ed section of The New York Times.)

Joshua Keating

"Wall Street on the Tundra" in the April issue of Vanity Fair. Michael Lewis gives the Liar's Poker treatment to the economic collapse of Iceland, a place that one IMF official told him "is no longer a country. It is a hedge fund."  

Christina Larson

From the Buddhist Temple of Kaiyuan in Quanzhou, to The Warehouse in Shanghai, to the back roads of  Xinjiang, Joe Bennett is on any anything-but-brief quest to discover where his boxers originate. The vision behind his book, Where Underpants Come From, began when this intrepid travel writer flipped over the label on his trousers and wondered, "Made where in China?"

Brennan Linsley-Pool/Getty Image

 

Posted By Joshua Keating

Not everyone can see the bright side after being ousted in a military coup and having your assets seized. But former Thai premier Thaksin Shinawatra is a glass-half-full kind of guy:

"I do not know whether I should condemn or thank the military junta that has frozen my assets in Thailand, otherwise I probably would have invested a lot in the stock exchange and lost it."

Posted By Joshua Keating

Here's what Iran's president had to say at a summit of the Central Asia's 10-nation Economic Cooperation Organization:

"After the collapse of the closed socialist economy, the capitalist economy is also on the verge of collapse," Ahmadinejad said in a speech.

"The liberal economy and the free market have failed," he said, pointing to the use of "thousands of billions of dollars" to bail out Western banks and companies.

Ahmadinejad proposed a single currency for the region to facilitate trade, though I'm not sure if even he'd go as far as Kazakh President (and fellow ECO member) Nursultan Nazarbayev's global "acmetalism" idea. The ECO definitely seems like a contender for the world's most outside-the-box regional trade federation.

Posted By Blake Hounshell

It seems that our pal Gordon Brown is having a little trouble organizing the G20 summit in London. And the Brits are blaming Washington:

It also emerged that Gordon Brown, UK prime minister, was struggling to organise the summit. Britain’s most senior civil servant claimed it was hard to find anyone to speak to at the US Treasury. Sir Gus O’Donnell, cabinet secretary, blamed the “absolute madness” of the US system where a new administration had to hire new officials from scratch, leaving a decision-making vacuum.

“There is nobody there. You cannot believe how difficult it is,” he told a conference of civil servants.

Posted By Christina Larson

Creative financing schemes and frisky credit-risk assessments haven't only catapulted capitalist economies to the brink. For years China's state-run banks have relied upon a coterie of dubious experts and shady loan guarantee companies when extending credit. Now, as things fall apart, Forbes' Gady Epstein finds he can't get his calls returned -- these phantom financial wizards have lately taken a turn for the reclusive -- but still manages to lift the veil on China's consequential credit underground.

 

Whether or not banks elsewhere are nationalized, the real issue remains whether financial planners know what they're doing. Tim Geithner, take note.

On the other hand, per Forbes, at least credit is still available in China:

"In America, basically, private capital has dried up, but in China you have these large pools of capital sitting around," says Anne Stevenson-Yang, principal of Wedge MKI, an investment research and advisory firm in Beijing. "The problem is that most of the short-term capital and capital for private companies is in these gray and sometimes semicriminal networks."

China Photos/Getty Images

Posted By Annie Lowrey

The United Nations' International Labor Organization (word file courtesy of Dani Rodrik) is keeping tabs on the world's stimulus packages. The charts make for interesting reading, filled with fun depressing financial crisis factoids.

For instance: Which countries haven't sorted out or passed their packages yet? Austria, Denmark, Greece, Iceland (no money to spend?), Ireland, New Zealand, Poland, Sweden, and Turkey.

Who's spending the most, in terms of percentage of G.D.P.? Spain (8.1 percent), China (6.9), and the United States (5.5). Brazil's the biggest cheapskate. Its $4 billion package amounts to a mere two-tenths of a percent of G.D.P.

Already, the blogosphere's parsed the data to decide which countries are pulling their weight and which are relying on others to do the spending for them.

Justin Fox at Time's The Curious Capitalist praises the U.S. and China and derides, well, everyone else:

"The concern is that if we in the U.S. do lots of stimulating and other economies don't, much of the money will just leak out overseas as we spend on imports but others don't buy our exports. China seems to be doing its part, but most of the developed world is not."

Ezra Klein agrees:

"We're doing a lot. China is doing a lot. Everyone else isn't....the global economy will be slower than it needs to be, which means national economies will be slower than they need to be (if Caterpillar's international sales sag, they'll cut U.S. jobs)."

Singled out for specific vitriol in the blogosphere is the Eurozone -- in particular, Germany, which has come under regular fire from the likes of Paul Krugman et. al. for free-riding on others' efforts. 

Megan McArdle writes:

"Europe is dropping the ball here. The euro area is being notably stingy with both fiscal and monetary stimulus, and I'm not the only one who's stonkered by it.  If fiscal policy remains too tight, it threatens the very union they're supposed to be protecting--how long can Greece and Italy, Ireland and Spain, suffer under a tight regime before one of them pulls out?  And if one of them pulls out, the other weak sisters will pay sharply higher interest rates to compensate for currency risk, probably forcing them out as well."

If there's already global tension over which countries need to do more, just think when the arguments inevitably begin over who started it...

Andreas Rentz/Getty Images

Posted By Joshua Keating

As part of an overall package of regulations, European leaders pledged to crack down on tax havens over the weekend. “We want results on this, with a list of tax havens and a series of consequences,” said French President Nicolas Sarkozy. German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who's had tax havens in her crosshairs for a while, stressed the need to eliminate "“blind spots on the global map when it comes to financial-market products, market participants and instruments.”

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development is preparing a new "black list" of uncooperative tax havens such as Andorra, Monaco, and Liechtenstein. Controversially, several finance ministers are calling for Switzerland to be added to the list. Swiss bank UBS made a historic break with past practice last week by agreeing to divulge the names of 250 customers to the U.S. Justice Department as part of a tax evasion investigation. U.S. authorities are still seeking the identities of 52,000 UBS customers.

With even Swiss banks giving in to investigators, is the era of offshore accounts coming to an end? It's hard to have too much sympathy for fat cats exploiting legal grey areas to avoid the taxes that the rest of us have to pay, but last March, Cato's Daniel Mitchell made the case for why a tax haven crackdown should actually worry us:

First, if you live in a developed country, your taxes are probably much lower today than they were 30 years ago, thanks in part to tax havens. [...] Governments are cutting taxes because they fear that jobs and investment will flee across national borders. Tax havens, by providing a safe refuge for people seeking to dodge confiscatory tax rates, have played a critical role in these positive developments. Better to get some revenue with modest tax rates, lawmakers have concluded, than impose high tax rates and lose out.

Second, European duchies and Caribbean isles aren’t the only places that welcome tax refugees. The United States, for instance, could be considered the world’s largest tax haven. The U.S. government generally does not tax interest and capital gains received by foreigners who invest in America. And since the IRS does not collect data on those payments, there is rarely any information to share with foreign tax collectors. Moreover, U.S. corporate structures, such as Delaware and Nevada companies, are excellent vehicles for foreigners to manage their investments. Thanks in part to these attractive policies, foreigners today have more than $12 trillion invested in the United States. Yet if Merkel’s efforts are successful and all nations are saddled with the obligation to help enforce foreign tax laws, it is quite likely that a substantial share of that job-creating capital will flee the United States.

TIMOTHY A. CLARY/AFP/Getty Images

Posted By Joshua Keating

Latvia has become the first of the countries on our "next Iceland" list to follow the Nordic nation into political collapse:

Latvia's four-party ruling coalition collapsed on Friday and the president called for talks to forge a new government to tackle a deepening economic crisis.

The coalition's fall, the second European government to succumb to the financial crisis, adds to the economic problems of the small Baltic state, which last year had to take a 7.5 billion euro ($9.43 billion) IMF-led rescue loan last year.

Political and social tensions exploded in January into a riot, though there has been little sign of a repeat in Latvia, a European Union and NATO member since 2004.

Latvia's president Valdis Zatlers will start work on forming a new government next week. Hopefully the country -- one of Eastern Europe's great success stories -- we soon be able to get back on track. At least the cattle mutiliation can stop now.

Posted By Gregory Shtraks

Considering that their states are still technically at war, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso got along remarkably well during their summit meeting in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk on Wednesday. While palling around on Sakhalin Island at the opening of a new $22 billion LNG plant (the first such plant in Russia), Aso and Medvedev praised the economic cooperation that has helped Russia and Japan strengthen their relationship over the past ten years.

Annual trade has now reached $30 billion, tripling in size since 2004. The first phase of the massively expensive ESPO pipeline, connecting oil reserves in Siberia with Russia's Pacific coast, has been completed and the construction of phase two has been announced. This is rare good news for two economies that have been hit particularly hard by the global financial crisis.

But it's still not all smiles between the two countries. The violent reaction of Vladivostok's workers to the imposition of a tariff on Japanese vehicles in late December displays the importance of Japanese commerce to Russia's remote Far East provinces. More seriously,a Japanese ship carrying ¥12.8 million worth of medical aid at the request of Russian residents on the disputed Kuril Islands was turned away in January because the Japanese delegation refused to show disembarkation cards, a move that the Japanese consider tantamount to recognizing Russian sovereignty over the Kurils. T

The Japanese claim that the Kuril islands -currently under Russian control - are historically Japanese and were seized illegally by the Soviet Union at the end of World War II. The dispute over the islands has prevented Russia and Japan from signing a peace treaty and officially ending the war.

Until the Kuril issue is resolved, Japan and Russia will continue to be in the contradictory position of building ever closer ties while still officially fighting World War II.

NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA/AFP/Getty Images

Posted By Joshua Keating

Great rant from blogger David Galbraith via Boing Boing:

Short of opening a Radio Shack in an Amish town, Dubai is the world’s worst business idea and there isn’t even any oil. Imagine proposing to build Vegas in a place where sex and drugs and rock and roll are an anathema. This is effectively the proposition that created Dubai - it was a stupid idea before the crash, and now it is dangerous.

RGE Monitor's Rachel Ziema has a somewhat more sober version:

Unlike some of its neighbours (especially Abu Dhabi) Dubai’s growth was primarily debt financed, making it more vulnerable to the global liquidity crunch and more local liquidity tightening triggered first by the withdrawal of speculative capital and – later by the fall in the oil price. Although Dubai has little oil, it was clearly a petrodollar recycling hub. It accounted for much of the UAE’s external debt stock (some of Abu Dhabi’s state investors like Mubadala and others accounted for the rest ). Dubai based banks likely also accounted for much of the bank lending to the UAE. Moodys vulnerability indicators show that the UAE is among the most vulnerable in the MENA region.

David Cannon/Getty Images

Posted By Joshua Keating

Should we count Euroskepticism among the victims of the financial crisis?

The Czech Republic's lower house of parliament approved the EU's controversial Lisbon Treaty today in a major victory for the plan to streamline the body's decision-making process. Assuming the upper house passes the measure, that will leave Germany, Poland and Ireland as the only countries yet to ratify Lisbon.

Ireland, the only country to require a public referendum for ratification, is the biggest stumbling block. Irish voters rejected the treaty last June, but the political landscape seems to have changed in the post-crisis world:

Czech approval came as new polls showed public opinion swinging behind the treaty in Ireland, raising the prospect that Irish voters will reverse last year’s 53.4 percent to 46.6 percent veto. A second vote -- if held now -- would yield a majority of 58 percent in favor of the accord, a poll for the Sunday Business Post found on Feb. 1.

The pressing need for unified European action to address the crisis seems to have trumped fears about national sovereignty. The Irish government is now looking to hold a new referendum as soon as possible.

In retrospect, however, country's stubbornness seems to have paid off. The EU has been forced to make a number of concessions to placate Irish voters:

The Irish government agreed to put the Lisbon Treaty to a second referendum by November 2009, in return for a set of EU "legal guarantees" aimed at addressing various concerns raised by voters. The EU pledges not to impose rules on Ireland concerning taxation, "family" issues - such as abortion, euthanasia and gay marriage - and the traditional Irish state neutrality.

Announcing the new Lisbon deal, French President Nicolas Sarkozy also said that under Lisbon "every member state will have a commissioner" - another concession to Ireland.That promise might prove difficult to reconcile with the original plan under Lisbon to have fewer commissioners than member states, as from 2014.

Through sheer obstinateness, the Irish seem to have made themselves the most powerful constituency in the EU. Sometimes it pays to be difficult.

MICHAL CIZEK/AFP/Getty Images

Posted By Joshua Keating

It looks like the Sochi games might be a somewhat more modest affair than planned:

The 2014 Winter Olympics in the Russian city of Sochi will cost 15 percent less than originally anticipated as initial budget estimates exaggerated the projected cost, a top official said on Tuesday. [...]

Russian officials have warned that the country's budget deficit could reach around 8 percent of GDP in 2009. A deputy minister warned on Tuesday the economy would contract by 2.2 percent in 2009.

Yet to conduct the sports event on the balmy Black Sea coast, Russia needs to spend lavishly on upgrading Soviet-era infrastructure and building new facilities in the hitherto quiet mountain resort of Krasnaya Polyana.

The report said local authorities were recently forced to extend tender deadlines for Olympic-related construction contracts due to lack of interest from companies hit by financial difficulties.

Authorities also faced mounting difficulty in acquiring land necessary for construction of Olympic infrastructure in the southern Russian city of Sochi because owners were refusing to sell at prices offered by the government.

Doesn't seem very encouraging. But given all the ink and pixels that were spilled (including by some of us here) predicting that air pollution and protests would turn the Beijing Games into an embarassing catastrophe for China, I'd be cautious about predicting doom for Sochi quite yet.

ALEXEY NIKOLSKY/AFP/Getty Images

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